Atheism
Atheism, in the simplest sense, is an absence of belief. More specifically, it is the absense of belief in deities. It is the opposite of theism, which believes that at least one deity exists. The first people to call themselves "atheists" lived in the 18th century, but the word originated from the Greek "atheos", meaning "without God". It was used as a term to mock those who rejected the society's belief in multiple deities.
Modern day atheists are not set to a specific idea of disproving other religions or a specific behavior. However, there are several different arguments that some atheists make in an attempt to disprove a God: a lack of empirical evidence, meaning there is no observational or experimental proof to show that a deity exists; the problem of evil, where the argument stands that if you have a benevolent deity, why can there still be evil in the world; the argument of inconsistent revelations, saying that over time, God's faithful theologians and adherents have produced too many conflicting revelations from God; and the argument of nonbelief, which has been elaborated in studies twice, but simply means that, if God truly was all loving, all people would have been lead to believe in him over time. Some atheists argue that atheism is a more widely accepted idea than theism religions, and so it relies on theists to prove the existence of God, not on atheists to disprove it.
Surprisingly, many world religions accept the idea of atheism, but do not strongly promote it. Such accepting religions are Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, Raelism, and Neopagan movements. For example, Hinduism views atheism as a valid belief system, but in schools suggests that this religious path is hard to follow in Hinduism because of spirituality.
There are two types of atheism, pragmatic (apatheism) and theoric. In pragmatic atheism, they live as if gods do not exist and avoid referring to the divine to explain natural occurences. These atheists do not reject other religions or others belief in a God, but think that it is useless and does not affect moral actions. Theoric atheism is more of an ontology, meaning that they require proof of a deitical being. Most arguments from atheists against theists comes from theoric atheists.
Modern day atheists are not set to a specific idea of disproving other religions or a specific behavior. However, there are several different arguments that some atheists make in an attempt to disprove a God: a lack of empirical evidence, meaning there is no observational or experimental proof to show that a deity exists; the problem of evil, where the argument stands that if you have a benevolent deity, why can there still be evil in the world; the argument of inconsistent revelations, saying that over time, God's faithful theologians and adherents have produced too many conflicting revelations from God; and the argument of nonbelief, which has been elaborated in studies twice, but simply means that, if God truly was all loving, all people would have been lead to believe in him over time. Some atheists argue that atheism is a more widely accepted idea than theism religions, and so it relies on theists to prove the existence of God, not on atheists to disprove it.
Surprisingly, many world religions accept the idea of atheism, but do not strongly promote it. Such accepting religions are Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, Raelism, and Neopagan movements. For example, Hinduism views atheism as a valid belief system, but in schools suggests that this religious path is hard to follow in Hinduism because of spirituality.
There are two types of atheism, pragmatic (apatheism) and theoric. In pragmatic atheism, they live as if gods do not exist and avoid referring to the divine to explain natural occurences. These atheists do not reject other religions or others belief in a God, but think that it is useless and does not affect moral actions. Theoric atheism is more of an ontology, meaning that they require proof of a deitical being. Most arguments from atheists against theists comes from theoric atheists.